1 CORINTHIANS 6:9

“Know ye not that the unrighteous shall not inherit the
kingdom of God?  Be not deceived: neither fornicators nor idolators,
nor adulterers, nor effeminate, nor abusers of themselves with mankind,
nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners,
shall inherit the kingdom of God.”
(King James Version, 1911)

The English translations have taken a great deal of liberty in this particular passage; translating three different words very carelessly.  Some versions have taken two of the Greek words used here and combined them into the one word “homosexual”.  This passage has become one of the more quoted clobber passages used against homosexuals.  An attempt to perpetuate a view that the Apostle Paul could not have possibly had concerning gay people has been forced into the meaning of these words.  Assumption comes greatly into play in translating when little is known about the exact meanings of words.  Meanings of words used in the biblical text are largely understood as the result of the word’s usage in other places.  Using biblical and non-biblical sources as a reference point, ancient languages can be best understood through the repeated use of any given word in authentic period documents.  In others words, the more a term is used, the better we can understand its meaning.

Fornication

The King James Version has assigned the “fornicater” as the meaning for the Greek word pornos (#4205) used in this passage.  The word fornication in the year 1611 meant “voluntary sexual intercourse between a man and an unmarried woman.”  The word pornos, however literally means “male prostitute”.  Together with its counterpart porne (#4204) which refers to female prostitutes (harlots), both are derived from the root word porneia (#4202) meaning “harlotry”.  The more modern translations have used an even more indistinct term “sexual immorality” (New International Version) which has a much broader connotation and is way beyond the original meaning of the text.  In his much used reference manual, Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament, J. H. Thayer admits that a much broader term “must be adopted in these passages”….because we have learned “how leniently converts from among the heathen regarded this vice and indulged in it”.  In other words, he says, ‘we must modify our translation of the Word of God so that we can ensure a general condemnation of sexual acts outside of marriage regardless of what the text actually says.  God did not put it just right, so we must, therefore, correct him.’

Effeminate

The second word malakoi (#3120) is found in the New Testament only three times (Matthew 11:8, Luke 7:25, and 1 Corinthians 6:9).  It has a double meaning in the Greek much like words in English.  An example is the word light.  Its usage in a sentence determines its meaning whether it is referring to heaviness or a source of illumination.  In much the same way, malakoi literally means first “softness” as it applies to the feel of fine fabric.  Secondly, the word is used to describe a character flaw, and in this case it means “weak willed” or “easily beguiled”.  Our modern slang expression “softy” used to describe someone who is soft hearted, kind and easy to get along with seems closer to the meaning, except that it has a positive connotation.  But malakoi has something to do with a moral weakness in context.  It is perhaps that inability of some to maintain moral integrity and be self-controlled because of the ineptitude of their convictions and the lusts of their heart.  The word better fits the pattern we see in our modern culture to those who are addicts.  Addictions to various drugs, alcohol or sex is a common problem in our culture and translating this word to addicts would not only make more sense in the context, but would be in keeping with the meaning of the word.  The Latin Vulgate translated malakoi to the word “mollis” which has exactly the same meaning, but the word “mollis” became a slang expression that referred to men who wore silky refined clothing.  This meaning undoubtedly explains why the King James Version used the “effeminate”.  In one translation, malakoi became “Catamite” which was a young boy slave used sexually by his master.  Another translation uses the word “lecchouris” (lecherous) and another “voluptuous” and still another “sissies”.  The multiple ways we see this word being translated is a testimony to the confusion of the translators and biblical scholars and evidence of an attempt to prejudice scripture against homosexuals.

Abusers of Themselves With Mankind

The third word, arsenokoitai (#733) is used only twice in the New Testament (1 Corinthians 6:9 and 1 Timothy 1:10).  Its meaning is at best questionable.  If it refers to homosexuals, the question arises why Paul would have used such an obscure and questionable term when he could have used other much clearer terms to describe what he meant.  The Greek culture was filled with homoerotic words used to describe various homosexual relationships, but instead he used a word that does not appear anywhere in Greek homoerotic literature.  Transliterated, the word arsenokoitai means “man-active-bed”.  It could mean a male prostitute who takes the active role sexually.  Modern day male prostitutes are differentiated by their trade, either for women, “gigolos” or for men, “hustlers”.  Similarly, the Greeks also may have identified prostitutes by their trade.  If Paul had wanted to condemn a group more inclined to be exclusively homosexual, he might have chosen the term arenokoitai (“man-passive-bed”) which would indicate a male prostitute who takes the passive role sexually.

The King James Version avoids a direct translation of this word with the phrase “abusers of themselves with mankind”, but it is interesting to note that even though the word homosexual did not exist at the time and wasn’t even coined until the late 19^th century, a word existed in 1611 which if used by the King James translators would have left no question as to what they were talking about.  This word is “invert”, which meant homosexual, but they did not use it.  More in keeping with the context in both this passage and in 1 Timothy 1:10, a suggested better translation might be “rapist” since it has something to do with someone who takes the active role in the sex act.

Cursory View of the Translations

The following chart demonstrates how ridiculous and far fetched some of the translations have gone with this passage.  For instance, translating to “child molester” is completely ridiculous and “those with infamous habits” seems extremely vague.  Some kind of male pervert is unquestionably referred to.

TRANSLATION	YEAR	RENDERED AS:
Koine Greek	56	malakoi	arsenokoitai
Latin Vulgate	405	mollis	masculorum concubitores
Wyclif	1508	lecchouris	synne of Sodom
Tyndale	1525	weaklings	abusers of themselves with mankynde
Reims-Douai	1609	effeminate	liars with mankind
King James Authorized Version	1611	effeminate	abusers of themselves with mankind
The Revised Version	1881	effeminate	abusers of themselves with men
American Standard Version	1901	effeminate	abusers of themselves with men
Revised Standard Version	1946	sexual perverts
Jerusalem Bible (French)	1955	effeminate	people with infamous habits
Interlinear Greek-English New Testament	1958	voluptuous persons	Sodomites
The Amplified Bible	1958	those who participate in homosexuality
New American Standard Bible	1963	effeminate	homosexuals
Today’s English Version	1966	homosexual perverts
Jerusalem Bible (German)	1968	sissies	child molesters
Jerusalem Bible (English)	1968	Catamites	Sodomites
The Living Bible	1971	homosexuals
New International Version	1978	male prostitutes	homosexual offenders

These obvious mis-translations do not exonerate the prevalent homosexual promiscuous lifestyle, for clearly Paul’s condemnation is against unbridled promiscuity in any form, homosexual or heterosexual.  It is, therefore, the responsibility of gay Christians to redefine “gay-ness” as it relates to Spirit controlled Christian living; operating as new creatures before Jesus Christ who is Lord; setting an example to all unbelievers as a demonstration to everyone that they truly are the children of God.

"Because those who are led by the Spirit of God are sons of God."
-- Romans 8:14

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